Q.What is the location of India?
ANSWER: India is lying entirely in the Northern hemisphere
Q.What is the latitudinal extent of India-
ANSWER:8 degree 4'N to 37 degrees 6'N
Q.What is the longitudinal extent of India-
ANSWER:68 degree 7'E to 97 degrees 25'E
Q.Total landmass of India-
ANSWER:3.28 million square km
Q.Total geographical area of the world covered by India-
ANSWER:2.4% of the total geographical area of the world
Q.Total land boundary of India-
ANSWER:15,200 km
Q.Total length of the coastline of mainland India including Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep-
ANSWER:7,516.6km
Q.From where the mainland started to get taper-
ANSWER: South of about 22degree
Q.Latitudinal and longitudinal extent of the mainland is about-
ANSWER:30degree
Q.From Gujrat to Arunachal Pradesh there is a time lag of-
ANSWER:2hours
Q.Where is the Standard Meridian of India and from where it passes-
ANSWER:(82degree 30'E) is the standard meridian of India passing through Mirzapur(in UP)
Q.Why is the difference between the duration of day and night hardly felt at Kanniyakumari but not so in Kashmir?
Answer: Kanyakumari is located near the equator whereas Kashmir is located far away from the equator. We know that the day and night are almost 12 hours each on the equator. Hence, places located close to the equator do not feel the difference between the duration of day and night. The difference increases as we go far from the equator.
Q.Why 82 degrees 30'E has been selected as the standard meridian of India?
Answer: From Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh, there is a time lag of two hours. Hence, time along the Standard Meridian of India (82° 30' E) passing through Mirzapur (in Uttar Pradesh) is taken as the standard time for the whole country. Otherwise different regions of India would have different times which would create problems; so to have one common standard times for the whole country have been selected and called Indian Standard Time (IST).
Q.The number of Union Territories along the western and eastern coasts.
Answer: Union Territories on the western coast of India are — Diu and Daman, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Mahe (Pondicherry), and Lakshadweep. Union Territories on the eastern coast of India are — Pondicherry and Andaman and the Nicobar Islands.
Q. Area-wise which is the smallest and which is the largest state?
Answer: The smallest state in India is Goa and the largest state is Rajasthan.
Q.The states which do not have an international border or lie on the coast.
Answer: Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Telangana, Chasttishgarh
Q.Classify the states into four groups each having common frontiers with
(i) Pakistan, (ii) China, (iii) Myanmar, and
(iv) Bangladesh.
Answer:
(i) Pakistan: Punjab, Rajasthan, and Gujarat.
(ii) China: Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh.
(iii) Myanmar: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram.
(iv) Bangladesh: Bihar, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Assam, Meghalaya, and Tripura.
(v) Nepal: Uttarakhand, U.P., Bihar, West Bengal, and Sikkim.
Q.Latitudinal and longitudinal extent of Andaman and Nicobar island and Lakshadweep is-
Answer:
Andaman And Nicobar Islands:-
Latitudinal Extent: 6° 45' N to 14° N
Longitudinal Extent: 92° E to 94° E
Lakshadweep Islands:-
Latitudinal Extent: 8° N to 12° 3' N
Longitudinal Extent: 71° E to 74° E
Q.Justify why the Indian ocean is named after India?
Answer: No other country has a long coastline on the Indian Ocean as India has and indeed, it is India’s eminent position in the Indian Ocean, which justifies the naming of an Ocean after it.
Important points from the book:-
(1).The southernmost point of the Indian Union– ‘Indira Point’ got submerged under the seawater in 2004 during the Tsunami.
(2). Since the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, India’s distance from Europe has been reduced by 7,000 km.
(3). Before 1947, there were two types of states in India — the provinces and the Princely states. Provinces were ruled directly by British officials, who were appointed by the Viceroy. Princely states were ruled by local, hereditary rulers, who acknowledged sovereignty in return for local autonomy.
(4). Latitudinal extent influences the duration of day and night, as one moves from south to north.
(5). India occupies an important strategic position in South Asia. India has 28 states and nine Union Territories.
(6). The Tropic of Cancer (23° 30'N) divides the country into almost two equal parts. To the southeast and southwest of the mainland, lie the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the Lakshadweep Islands in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea respectively.
(7). India is bounded by the young fold mountains in the northwest, north, and northeast. South of about 22° north latitude, it begins to taper and extends towards the Indian Ocean, dividing it into two seas, the Arabian Sea on the west and the Bay of Bengal on its east.
(8). North to South distance-3214km
East to West distance-2993km
(9). India shares its land boundaries with Pakistan and Afghanistan in the northwest, China (Tibet), Nepal and Bhutan in the north, and Myanmar and Bangladesh in the east. Our southern neighbors across the sea consist of the two island countries, namely Sri Lanka and the Maldives.
(10). Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by the Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar, while the Maldives Islands are situated to the south of the Lakshadweep Islands.
thank you very helpful
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